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The Woman's Prize
''The Woman's Prize, or the Tamer Tamed'' is a Jacobean comedy written by John Fletcher. It was first published in the first Beaumont and Fletcher folio of 1647, though it was written several decades earlier (Fletcher died in 1625). There is no doubt that the play is the work of Fletcher alone; his highly distinctive and characteristic pattern of linguistic preferences is continuous through the text.〔Hoy/Erdman, pp. 204-23.〕
The play is a sequel to Shakespeare's ''The Taming of the Shrew'', in which (as the subtitle indicates) the gender tables are turned and Petruchio the "tamer" is "tamed" by his second wife Maria, whom he marries after the death of Katherine. As a "reply" to Shakespeare's play, ''The Woman's Prize'' attracted critical attention in later generations and centuries. Maria's principal weapon, a sex-strike, shows the influence of Aristophanes' play ''Lysistrata''.
==Date==
The date of the play is very uncertain and has attracted a large body of dispute and opinion. A reference to the siege of Ostend in Act I, scene iii has led some commentators to date the play as early as 1604 (the siege ended on 8 September that year) 〔Chambers, Vol. 3, p. 222.〕 — though this is significantly earlier than the generally recognized start of Fletcher's dramatic career. Some scholars have argued for an early date, on the reasoning that a date closer in time to Shakespeare's play makes more sense than a later date. The non-Shakespearean or pre-Shakespearean version of the story, ''The Taming of a Shrew'', was reprinted in 1607,〔Q3, printed by Valentine Simmes for the bookseller Nicholas Ling.〕 and may have influenced Fletcher to make a reply. Other critics have favored a date as late as 1618-22 for the original version of the play, based on internal characteristics of Fletcher's evolving style.〔Logan and Smith, p. 61.〕 Scholars who see a debt in the play to Ben Jonson's ''Epicene'' favor a date c. 1611.
The question of date is complicated by the matter of revision. The characters all have Italian names, and the original was likely set in Italy — but the existing version is set in London instead.〔Oliphant, pp. 155-6.〕 The date of revision and the identity of the reviser are equally unknown, though a reasonable conjecture holds that the revision was likely done just before the 1633 revival of the play by the King's Men, when the play was acted in conjunction with Shakespeare's.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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